To answer the question of why is the securities market needed and where do securities come from, let's consider it using the example of an ice cream shop from your business perspective.

Step 1: You establish your own business, meaning you are the sole owner and the only worker. For instance, you operate an ice cream shop, which you funded using your own money for renting premises, purchasing equipment, and buying primary consumable products. Initially, you prefer to handle everything yourself, but to expand the business, you need a partner.

Step 2: You bring in a partner, who happens to be your friend. He contributes his resources, and now you are two, forming a partnership. With five shops in your city, you discuss further development of your business.

Step 3: In conventional finance, borrowing money is a common option. The simplest way is through a bank loan, which is convenient. However, since you follow Sharia principles, you may approach an Islamic bank for financing. Nevertheless, due to financial regulations and obligations to customers, an Islamic bank may uphold a conservative investment strategy and may not provide financing exceeding the assets of your ice cream business. To attract more capital, you need alternative options.

Step 4: You attract shareholders by establishing a joint-stock company, also known as a corporation. You divide your capital into shares and sell these shares through a private placement. This step gives you the opportunity to expand your ice cream business by building a plant for the production of ice cream and a line of relevant products, expanding your business to multiple cities.

Step 5: You enter the stock market to attract additional funds by issuing stocks and Sukuk. Exciting opportunities for growth emerge as your ice cream company's securities become available to the public. Investors are attracted by income prospects and have the option to buy Sukuk and/or equity securities of the company. This is beneficial for you, but investors face a tough choice of whether to buy or not as they compare the returns and risk of holding of your securities against other available investment options in the market.